Anyone who runs a health club, especially if it comes with a swimming pool, will be no stranger to eye-watering energy bills. It’s one of the sizeable operating costs all owners face, and despite recent dramatic falls in the price of oil, long-term energy costs continue to rise. According to the Office for National Statistics, the past decade has seen energy costs rise 52 per cent above the rate of inflation. Electricity alone has risen by 130 per cent since 2000 – approximately four times the rise in the retail price index over the same period.
It’s easy to feel powerless about these costs in the face of global geo-political trends, and club owners often assume there’s little they can do to reduce their energy bills without compromising service and potentially upsetting members: no-one likes a pool that’s too cold or towel warmers that have been turned off as part of an economy drive.
But the fact is that, alongside some exciting new technology, there are many straightforward, simple steps owners and managers can take that will drastically reduce their bills without affecting the quality of service they extend to their customers.
Out of sight, out of mind?
Many club owners would be shocked to discover just how much of their monthly energy bill can be attributed to sheer thoughtlessness. A recent example was a health club where the lights and heating were left on 24 hours a day for the cleaners, even though they didn’t come in until 5.00am. In another instance, a leisure centre was keeping the pool heating and air handling on constantly, simply because a duty manager had changed the settings six months previously and no-one had remembered to change them back.
Because the plant operating these essential services is often out of sight and therefore out of mind, it tends to be overshadowed by the more visible front of house facilities when it comes to operational decisions, investment and allocating funds for ongoing refurbishment. What’s becoming increasingly clear, though, is that by adopting a proactive approach to energy management, clubs of all sizes are able to significantly reduce their costs.
Steve Bambury, head of commercial operations at 1Life – which won the Go Green ukactive FLAME Award 2014 – says “ongoing proactive energy management is essential for the long-term control of energy consumption and costs”. 1Life’s programme to optimise its building controls contributed to a 12 per cent reduction in energy consumption. This contributed to 1Life rising to seventh in the CRC league tables – the highest position by a leisure company.
What are you paying?
Energy experts identify three key areas where an impact can be made. The first is price: what you’re actually paying for the energy you use. The second is the energy hardware, namely the systems and controls you use to introduce energy into your facility. And the final area is energy strategy, which is about the way you use the hardware to deliver the energy you’ve purchased.
Energy price is the amount you’re charged for the electricity, oil, gas and water you use. The first step towards regaining control of your costs is to familiarise yourself with your bill and understand the breakdown of your charges. Some suppliers bundle everything together, while others break bills down into different components, with significantly different prices charged for different times of the day. It’s by no means uncommon to be charged four times more for a unit of energy at certain peak times, such as late afternoon or early evening, than at others.
If you’re a larger organisation, you may be liable for TRIAD charges. This is where huge premiums, sometimes exceeding £30/kwh as against the normal 10p/kwh, are charged during three key half-hour periods each year.
You may not be able to negotiate these charges down, but knowing what they are and planning your energy usage with them in mind can make a huge difference. Shop around, or work with an independent broker to secure the best deal. Energy companies make millions of pounds a year out of customer apathy and ignorance, from people who could be buying their energy more intelligently but don’t bother and settle unquestioningly for the first package they’re offered.
Investing in hardware
Energy hardware covers everything that delivers and controls your energy supply. It can range from a light bulb to full-scale plant room solutions such as Combined Heat and Power (CHP), which involves simultaneously producing electricity and heat from a single fuel source, such as natural gas, biomass, biogas, ground source, coal, waste heat or oil. For a club with a pool, which needs heating all year round, CHP can significantly reduce energy costs and carbon footprint.
Solar photo-voltaic panels have gained a lot of publicity in recent years. As their name suggests, they generate electricity from the sun, resulting in no fuel costs and virtually no maintenance costs. Installing Solar PV panels is supported by the government’s Feed-In-Tariff scheme, and while the rates for the scheme have dropped over the last three years, this has been more than matched by falling implementation costs.
However, any health club considering going down this route should first ask themselves whether they have the rights to put panels on the roof, and also consider the direction their roof faces. Put simply, the closer the alignment to south, the more electricity will be produced. Finally, they should check there are no obstructions, such as adjoining buildings, that will block the sun from hitting the panels.
Microturbines are becoming more and more popular among larger sports and leisure sites under pressure to reduce energy bills and minimise their carbon footprint. A microturbine is similar to a miniature jet engine and is contained in a case the size of a standard refrigerator. It has a single moving part supported by air bearings, and can operate on a variety of gaseous or liquid fuels.
The Sports Centre De Scheg in the Netherlands – which has a 400m ice skating track as well as a sub-tropical pool, sauna and competition pool – was struggling to cope with a 17-year-old reciprocating engine. When that eventually gave up, the centre opted for a Capstone C200 microturbine linked to a gas compressor, heat exchanger and industrial ventilator. Hot exhaust air from the microturbine is diverted through the heat exchanger to increase overall efficiency and deliver ultra-low emissions. Other benefits include low noise levels, low maintenance costs and increased reliability.
The Quellenhof Sport and Wellness Resort in Italy is another convert to microturbines. With 150 rooms, 20 spas, eight saunas and 20 swimming pools, it’s a significant energy consumer. Having relied on traditional boilers and local utility companies for its heating requirements, the family-owned firm took the decision in 2010 to install two Capstone C65 ICHP microturbines, with heat recovery modules installed on each unit to capture any wasted heat. Not only has the resort reduced its carbon dioxide emissions by 800 tonnes a year, but it’s also saved E75,000 a year – some E10,000 of which is in reduced maintenance costs. The return on the initial investment was achieved within three years.
And if you can’t afford that?
While these state-of-the-art systems look set to provide benefits to places like De Scheg and Quellenhof for years to come, just because you’re not in a position to make a similar outlay doesn’t mean you can’t do anything about your energy consumption. What many owners and managers don’t realise is the controls managing and operating these systems can be every bit as important as the systems themselves. The most advanced system in the world will still yield disappointing returns if it’s not managed properly, while the intelligent application of controls can squeeze savings out of the most antiquated boiler.
The Carbon Trust, a government body set up to advise businesses on ways of reducing carbon emissions, estimates that up to 90 per cent of heating, ventilation and air conditioning building control systems are inadequate in some way, at an annual cost to industry of over £500m. According to its findings, fitting a full set of controls to an older heating system that previously had none can save over 15 per cent on energy bills.
Controls can range from a simple timer bought from a DIY shop to a full building control system. Increasingly, facility managers and those responsible for maintaining large buildings such as schools, offices, hotels, leisure centres and health clubs are turning towards Building Automation Systems (BAS). These are centralised, interlinked networks of hardware and software that monitor and control the environment. The system ensures the operational performance of the facility as well as the comfort and safety of building occupants.
Typically, such control systems are installed in new buildings or as part of a renovation where they replace an outdated control system. Most of the automation comes in the form of devices mounted to equipment, or hidden underfloor or in the ceiling, and some personalised control can be added through thermostat-like devices.
From a central management perspective, the BAS resides as software on a computer or as a web page. Different controllers manage the equipment and the various parts of the network, while sensors provide input data to the controllers.
What’s your strategy?
It’s clear there are some exciting systems, and increasingly sophisticated controls that make the most of their potential. But what shines through is that, whatever system you have or can afford, an energy strategy is key to successfully managing your energy costs.
Before you can programme your systems and controls, or instruct your staff when to switch off the lights or turn down the heating, you need to ask yourself some basic questions. When do you want the lights on? What lighting is essential for security? When should the heating come on, and at what time does the building need to be at its optimum temperature? What temperature do you want your pool to be set at? This could vary according to your customer profile – for example, competitive swimmers prefer training in a cooler pool than schoolchildren might like.
Take nothing for granted and challenge every assumption, no matter how long you’ve held it. The rewards are out there and can be yours for the taking.
